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Bowel cancer - NHS

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Bowel cancer is a general term for cancer that begins in the large bowel. Depending on where the cancer starts, bowel cancer is sometimes called colon or ... Skiptomaincontent Home HealthAtoZ BacktoHealthAtoZ Overview - Bowelcancer Contents Overview Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Livingwith Bowelcancerisageneraltermforcancerthatbeginsinthelargebowel.Dependingonwherethecancerstarts,bowelcancerissometimescalledcolonorrectalcancer.BowelcancerisoneofthemostcommontypesofcancerdiagnosedintheUK. Mostpeoplediagnosedwithitareovertheageof60. Information: CoronavirusadviceGetadviceaboutcoronavirusandcancer:Macmillan:CoronavirusguidanceforpeoplewithcancerCancerResearchUK:Coronavirusandcancer SymptomsofbowelcancerThe3mainsymptomsofbowelcancerare:persistentbloodinyourpoo –thathappensfornoobviousreasonorisassociatedwithachangeinbowelhabitapersistentchangeinyourbowelhabit–whichisusuallyhavingtopoomoreandyourpoomayalsobecomemorerunnypersistentlowerabdominal(tummy)pain,bloatingordiscomfort –that'salwayscausedbyeatingandmaybeassociatedwithlossofappetiteorsignificantunintentionalweightlossMostpeoplewiththesesymptomsdonothavebowelcancer.Otherhealthproblemscancausesimilarsymptoms.Forexample:bloodinthepoowhenassociatedwithpainorsorenessismoreoftencausedby piles(haemorrhoids)achangeinbowelhabitorabdominalpainisusually causedbysomethingyou'veeatenachangeinbowelhabittogoinglessoften,withharderpoo,isnotusuallycausedbyanyseriouscondition –itmaybeworthtryinglaxativesbeforeseeingaGPThesesymptomsshouldbetakenmoreseriouslyasyougetolderandwhentheypersistdespitesimpletreatments.Readaboutthesymptomsofbowelcancer WhentogetmedicaladviceSeeaGPIfyouhaveanyofthesymptomsofbowelcancerfor3weeksormore.TheGPmaydecideto:examineyourtummyandbottomtomakesureyouhavenolumpsarrangeforasimple bloodtesttocheckfor irondeficiencyanaemia –thiscanshowwhetherthere'sanybleedingfromyourbowelthatyouhavenotbeenawareofarrange foryoutohaveasimpletestinhospitaltomakesurethere'snoseriouscause ofyoursymptomsMakesureyouseeaGPifyoursymptomspersistorkeepcomingbackafterstoppingtreatment,regardlessoftheirseverityoryourage.You'llprobablybereferredtohospital.Readaboutdiagnosingbowelcancer CausesofbowelcancerTheexactcauseofbowelcancerisnotknown,butthereareanumberofthingsthatcanincreaseyourrisk,including:age–almost 9in10peoplewithbowelcancerareaged60oroverdiet–adiethighinredorprocessedmeatsandlowinfibrecanincreaseyourriskweight–bowelcancerismorecommoninoverweightorobesepeopleexercise–beinginactiveincreasesyourriskofgettingbowelcanceralcohol–drinkingalcoholmightincreaseyourriskofgettingbowelcancersmoking–smokingmayincreaseyourchancesofgettingbowelcancerfamilyhistory–havingacloserelative(motherorfather,brotherorsister)whodevelopedbowelcancer undertheageof 50putsyouatagreaterlifetime riskofdevelopingthecondition;screeningisofferedtopeopleinthissituation,andyoushoulddiscussthiswithaGPSomepeoplealsohaveanincreasedriskofbowelcancerbecausethey'vehadanothercondition,suchasextensiveulcerativecolitisorCrohn'sdisease inthecolonformorethan10years.Althoughtherearesomerisks youcannotchange,suchasyourageorfamilyhistory,thereareseveralwaysyoucanloweryourchancesofdevelopingthecondition.Findoutmoreabout:RedmeatandbowelcancerriskEatingahealthybalanceddietLosingweightHealthandfitnessStoppingsmokingTipsoncuttingdownonalcoholReadmoreaboutthecausesofbowelcancer BowelcancerscreeningTodetectcasesofbowelcancersooner,everyoneaged60to74whoisregisteredwithaGPandlivesinEnglandisautomaticallysentabowelcancerscreeninghometestkitevery2years.Ifyou're75orover,youcanaskforakitevery2yearsbyphoningthefreebowelcancerscreeninghelplineon08007076060.Theprogrammealsoincludessome56yearolds.Forthescreeningtest,youuseahometestkittocollectasmallsampleofpooandsendittoalab.Thisischeckedfortinyamountsofblood.Bloodcanbeasignofpolypsorbowelcancer.Polypsaregrowthsinthebowelthatmayturnintocancerovertime.Readaboutbowelcancerscreening. TreatmentforbowelcancerBowelcancercanbetreatedusingacombinationofdifferenttreatments,dependingonwherethecancerisinyourbowelandhowfarithasspread.Themaintreatmentsare:surgery– thecanceroussectionofbowelisremoved;it'sthemosteffectivewayofcuringbowelcancerandinmanycasesis allyouneedchemotherapy–wheremedicineisusedtokillcancercellsradiotherapy–whereradiationisusedtokillcancercellstargetedtherapies–anewergroupofmedicinesthatincreasestheeffectivenessofchemotherapyandpreventsthecancerspreadingAswithmosttypesofcancer,thechanceofacompletecuredependsonhowfar it'sspreadbythetimeit'sdiagnosed.Ifthecancerisconfinedtothebowel,surgeryisusuallyabletocompletelyremoveit.Keyholeorroboticsurgeryisbeingusedmoreoften,whichallowssurgerytobe performedwithlesspainandaquickerrecovery.Readmoreabouthowbowelcanceristreated LivingwithbowelcancerBowelcancercanaffectyourdailylifeindifferentways,dependingonwhatstageit'satandthetreatmentyou'rehaving.Howpeoplecopewiththeirdiagnosisandtreatmentvariesfrompersontoperson.Thereareseveralformsofsupportavailableifyouneedit:talktoyourfriendsandfamily–theycanbeapowerfulsupportsystemcommunicatewithotherpeopleinthesamesituation–forexample,throughbowelcancersupportgroupsfindoutasmuchaspossibleaboutyourconditiondonottrytodotoomuchoroverexertyourselfmaketimeforyourselfYoumayalsowantadvice onrecoveringfromsurgery,includingdietandlivingwithastoma,andanyfinancialconcernsyouhave.Ifyou'retoldthere'snothingmorethatcanbedonetotreatyourbowelcancer,there'sstillsupportavailable.Thisisknownasendoflifecare.Readaboutlivingwithbowelcancer Pagelastreviewed:10October2019 Nextreviewdue:10October2022 Next : Symptoms

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