ibs exacerbationIBS epidemiologygout dieturic acid and digestionirritable bowel syndrome diagnosis criteriacan gout affect your intestinesulcerative colitis and goutLongitudinal Irritable Bowel Syndrome Omics Study Points
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"Hypoxanthine is an appealing drug target given the availability of the xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol, which is used to treat gout, ... Skiptomaincontent LongitudinalIrritableBowelSyndromeOmicsStudyPointstoPossibleTreatmentTarget Sep10,2020 | staffreporter Saveforlater NEWYORK–Aprospectivemulti-omicstudyofirritablebowelsyndrome(IBS)thatencompassedabroadrangeofanalysesandsampletypeshasuncoveredmetabolicpathwayshiftsthatappeartolineupwiththediseaseanditssymptoms."[W]eidentifiedthehost-microbialpathwayofpurinemetabolism,whichmayplayanimportantroleinthepathophysiologyofIBS,"theauthorsreportedintheirstudy,publishedinCellonThursday,notingthatthework"providesmultiplenewtherapeutictargetsforfutureinvestigation."Co-seniorauthorsPurnaKashyap,aresearcherattheMayoClinicinRochester,andDanKnights,aninvestigatorattheUniversityofMinnesota,ledthework.TheresearchersusedRNAsequencing,metagenomicsequencing,massspectrometry-basedmetabolomics,array-basedDNAmethylationprofiling,andotherapproachestoassessawiderangeofhostandgutmicrobialfeaturesinstoolsamplescollectedmonthlyforsixmonthsfromdozensofindividualswithorwithoutIBS,includingpatientswithconstipationordiarrheasymptoms.Togetherwithbloodandgutbiopsysamples,thecollectionmadeitpossibletosearchforhostandmicrobialpathwaysthatarealteredduringIBSflare-upsorinthepresenceofspecificsymptoms.Basedonnearlyadozendatatypes—fromhostmucosaltissuetranscriptomes,metabolomes,methylomeprofiles,andmicrobialprofilestosymptoms,cytokinefeatures,andphysiology—thelongitudinalstudyflaggedthreemainpathwaypatterns,theteamreported,particularlyrelatedtopurinemetabolism.InindividualswithIBSwhosufferedfromconstipation,forexample,theintegratedanalysesrevealedlower-than-usuallevelsofshort-chainfattyacidssuchaspropionate,butyrate,andacetateinthegut,reflectedinfecalsamples.Ontheotherhand,theinvestigatorssawariseintryptamineandprimarybileacidlevelsinstoolsamplesfromindividualswithIBSanddiarrhea.Theynotedthatboththeconstipationanddiarrheadiseasesubtypesweremarkedbyso-calledpurinestarvation—metabolicshiftsthatincludedadropinlevelsofahostandmicrobialmetabolitecalledhypoxanthineinfecalsamples,accompaniedbyenhancedcolonictissueexpressionofaxanthineoxidaseenzymethathelpsconverthypoxanthineandxanthinetouricacid."Thisillustratestherelevanceofemployingmulti-omicsmeasurementsinhumanstoidentifypotentialdiseasemechanismsthatmaydependonhuman-specificresponsesingeneexpression,"theauthorswrote."Hypoxanthineisanappealingdrugtargetgiventheavailabilityofthexanthineoxidaseinhibitorallopurinol,whichisusedtotreatgout,andthiopurines,whichareusedtooptimizeinflammatoryboweldiseasetherapy."Alongwithalreadyavailabledrugsusedtotreatotherconditions,theauthorsnoted,additionaldrugsthatarestillbeingdevelopedmayofferopportunitiestotargetpurinemetabolismpathwaycomponentssuchasxanthineoxidasemorespecificallyoreffectively.Theymayalsotargetcomponentsofotherhostpathwaysthatbubbledupfromthegenomic,metabolomic,metagenomic,andtranscriptomedata."[O]urintegratedlongitudinalmulti-omicsstudyhighlightshowwecanleveragehumanstudiestoadvanceourunderstandingofdiseaseswithbothhostandmicrobialcomponentstoidentifytargetsforimprovedtreatment,"theauthorsconcluded. Filedunder Sequencing GeneticResearch RNA-seq Europe NorthAmerica irritablebowelsyndrome MayoClinic UniversityofMinnesota geneexpression generegulation metabolomics microbiome metagenomics methylationanalysis Breaking News QiagenSettlesBectonDickinsonPatentInfringementLawsuitfor$53M ThyroidSize,FunctioninChildrenLinkedtoNutrition-RelatedDNAMethylationMark PeopleintheNews:NewAppointmentsatResolveBiosciences,EpicSciences,NIH,More DiabetesSubtypesStemFromDistinctGeneticContributors,StudySuggests NewProductsPostedtoGenomeWeb:ThermoFisher,Genialis,908Devices,More InBriefThisWeek:GuardantHealth,Veracyte,GNSHealthcare,andMore The Scan AnotherAntiviralPill PfizersaysitsantiviralpilltotreatCOVID-19ishighlyeffectiveatreducingtheriskofhospitalizationanddeath,accordingtoCNN. DealEnded TheWashingtonPostreportstheUShascanceleditsdealwithvaccinemanufacturerEmergentBioSolutions. SciencePapersExploreNanoporeApproachtoReadProteins,RoleofNoncodingDNAinForming3DStructure InSciencethisweek:ananopore-basedmethodtoreadproteinsatsingle-aminoacidresolution,andmore. APilltoTake UKregulatorshaveapprovedMerck'santiviralpilltotreatCOVID-19,accordingtotheGuardian. What'sPopular? DiabetesSubtypesStemFromDistinctGeneticContributors,StudySuggests LawsuitClaimsGeneticTestingCompanyAncestryViolatedIllinoisPrivacyAct IlluminaQ3RevenuesGrow40Percent OncologyOpportunitiesProvide'PotofGoldattheEndoftheDoubleRainbow'forIllumina Premium QiagenSettlesBectonDickinsonPatentInfringementLawsuitfor$53M
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