Overview of Delirium and Dementia - Neurologic Disorders
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Delirium is typically caused by acute illness or drug toxicity (sometimes life threatening) and is often reversible. · Dementia is typically caused by anatomic ... MSDManual Pleaseconfirmthatyouareahealthcareprofessional Yes No LeavethisSite? Thelinkyouhaveselectedwilltakeyoutoathird-partywebsite.Wedonotcontrolorhaveresponsibilityforthecontentofanythird-partysite. 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Acutebacterialmeningitis Asepticmeningitis Noninfectiousmeningitis Viralmeningitis MoreContent Videos 3DModels News SOCIALMEDIA OverviewofDeliriumandDementia By JuebinHuang ,MD,PhD,DepartmentofNeurology,UniversityofMississippiMedicalCenter Lastfullreview/revisionMar2021|ContentlastmodifiedMar2021 ClickhereforPatientEducation TopicResources 3DModels(0) Audios(0) Calculators(0) Images(0) LabTest(0) Tables(1) Videos(0) DifferencesBetweenDeliriumandDementia* DeliriumDeliriumDeliriumisanacute,transient,usuallyreversible,fluctuatingdisturbanceinattention,cognition,andconsciousnesslevel.Causesincludealmostanydisorderordrug.Diagnosisisclinical...readmore(sometimescalledacuteconfusionalstate)anddementiaDementiaDementiaischronic,global,usuallyirreversibledeteriorationofcognition.Diagnosisisclinical;laboratoryandimagingtestsareusuallyusedtoidentifytreatablecauses.Treatmentis...readmorearethemostcommoncausesofcognitiveimpairment,althoughaffectivedisorders(eg,depression)canalsodisruptcognition.Deliriumanddementiaareseparatedisordersbutaresometimesdifficulttodistinguish.Inboth,cognitionisdisordered;however,thefollowinghelpsdistinguishthem:Deliriumaffectsmainlyattention.Dementiaaffectsmainlymemory.Otherspecificcharacteristicsalsohelpdistinguishthetwodisorders(seetableDifferencesBetweenDeliriumandDementiaDifferencesBetweenDeliriumandDementia*Delirium(sometimescalledacuteconfusionalstate)anddementiaarethemostcommoncausesofcognitiveimpairment,althoughaffectivedisorders(eg,depression)canalsodisruptcognition...readmore):Deliriumistypicallycausedbyacuteillnessordrugtoxicity(sometimeslifethreatening)andisoftenreversible.Dementiaistypicallycausedbyanatomicchangesinthebrain,hassloweronset,andisgenerallyirreversible.Deliriumoftendevelopsinpatientswithdementia.Mistakingdeliriumfordementiainanolderpatient—acommonclinicalerror—mustbeavoided,particularlywhendeliriumissuperimposedonchronicdementia.Nolaboratorytestcandefinitivelyestablishthecauseofcognitiveimpairment;athoroughhistoryandphysicalexaminationaswellasknowledgeofbaselinefunctionareessential.Table ClickhereforPatientEducation NOTE: ThisistheProfessionalVersion. CONSUMERS: ClickherefortheConsumerVersion ©2021MerckSharp&DohmeCorp.,asubsidiaryofMerck&Co.,Inc.,Kenilworth,NJ,USA CraniocervicalJunctionAbnormalities WasThisPageHelpful? Yes No Delirium OTHERTOPICSINTHISCHAPTER DeliriumandDementia OverviewofDeliriumandDementia Delirium Dementia AlzheimerDisease BehavioralandPsychologicSymptomsofDementia ChronicTraumaticEncephalopathy(CTE) DementiawithLewyBodiesandParkinsonDiseaseDementia FrontotemporalDementia(FTD) HIV-AssociatedDementia Normal–PressureHydrocephalus VascularDementia Professionalsalsoread Delirium BehavioralandPsychologicSymptomsofDementia Dementia Testyourknowledge OverviewofMeningitis Meningitisisdefinedasinflammationofthemeningesandsubarachnoidspaceandmaybeclassifiedunderseveraldifferentcategories.Ofthesecategories,whichofthefollowingtypesisparticularlyseriousduetothespeedofitsprogression? Acutebacterialmeningitis Asepticmeningitis Noninfectiousmeningitis Viralmeningitis MSDandtheMSDManuals Merck&Co.,Inc.,Kenilworth,NJ,USA (knownasMSDoutsideoftheUSandCanada)isaglobalhealthcareleaderworkingtohelptheworldbewell.Fromdevelopingnewtherapiesthattreatandpreventdiseasetohelpingpeopleinneed,wearecommittedtoimprovinghealthandwell-beingaroundtheworld. TheManualwasfirstpublishedastheMerckManualin1899asaservicetothecommunity.ThelegacyofthisgreatresourcecontinuesastheMSDManualoutsideofNorthAmerica. LearnmoreaboutourcommitmenttoGlobalMedicalKnowledge. About Disclaimer Permissions Privacy CookieSettings Termsofuse Licensing GlobalMedicalKnowledge ContactUs VeterinaryManual SocialMedia MobileApps ThissitecomplieswiththeHONcodestandardfortrustworthyhealthinformation:verifyhere. ©2021MerckSharp&DohmeCorp.,asubsidiaryofMerck&Co.,Inc.,Kenilworth,NJ,USA TOP
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